Оформил: DeeCo
Автор: http://www.swissdelphicenter.ch

procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
 var
   Icon: TIcon;
   FileInfo: SHFILEINFO;
 begin
   Icon := TIcon.Create;
   try
     // Get the Icon 
    SHGetFileInfo(PChar('Filename.exe'), 0, FileInfo, SizeOf(FileInfo), SHGFI_ICON);
     icon.Handle := FileInfo.hIcon;

     DestroyIcon(FileInfo.hIcon);
     // Save the Icon to a file: 
    icon.SaveToFile('IconFromExe.ico');
     // Set the Icon as Application Icon (temporary) 
    Application.Icon := icon;

   finally
     Icon.Free;
   end;
 end;